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GPL V3 草案

GPL V3 草案

GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE/ h7 @8 L; ]8 p2 y2 Z  v( H4 v
Discussion Draft 1 of Version 3, 16 Jan 2006
: \+ f1 [2 \" F* ^: O: K: v& V9 ~9 m2 R' ^8 E
THIS IS A DRAFT, NOT A PUBLISHED VERSION OF THE GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE.3 s2 G/ K& p1 T  u7 a

4 r7 {9 |' |$ m! L% R3 k" ~Copyright (C) 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc.* a: A: I6 l8 g5 b* f+ I1 T
51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA' }/ F3 H1 K# `) I. U" T
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
/ W- A; ?/ C. J# j% [of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
7 k, h) K4 S  C) g- W) l6 H
, ^9 A$ e) H6 Q+ Y( cPreamble' W  _1 _5 t$ s( O- _. p$ p& A8 }

( X0 i' t  S- {8 DThe licenses for most software are designed to take away your
3 p. D, P6 w% C6 Q& }freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public
  r/ e& i" K9 N* X+ e: h; l5 dLicense is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free
  e: Y/ W2 g+ n% ?, \software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. We,
/ e2 d( K# I+ h. n! v% i- cthe Free Software Foundation, use the GNU General Public License for
- o0 Q7 E1 h/ U$ Jmost of our software; it applies also to any other program whose3 e7 D5 y( U* n& V% z5 c4 @9 _- |
authors commit to using it. (Some Free Software Foundation software; K$ \$ [& k0 I3 \
is covered by the GNU Lesser General Public License instead.) You* a: q! H5 U# t8 N
can apply it to your programs, too.
* `6 o& M4 K+ W  \% I8 _' k3 v5 ]9 [9 V% w
When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not, ^, J3 z1 v6 C8 W8 [2 J/ v
price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you: f9 i  k# X9 y. T5 g
have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
" c) j% s  r% [6 J# othis service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it
3 P0 h% n) V- V3 T" i' cif you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it, y- R; a& w% u4 N
in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.: B' q" J$ ?9 ?8 t: |7 M% s3 g

4 {) u9 G. f5 j, ~To protect your rights, we need to make requirements that forbid
( R( |5 }$ z% L/ g- T" ranyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights.* m& S8 w2 N* @2 I
These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you
5 S6 ?) {8 X3 c! i; Pdistribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.
$ G  G6 l; G& Z4 u" O+ s3 w5 ]
8 W( X  s4 k& _( @. tFor example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
1 z1 H' }2 P$ j2 Z# m, Z" Y7 N7 qgratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that! `4 m  A$ ]5 R' q4 @6 j( ^7 Z
you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the
( ]0 Q" z% a: ~) [source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their
  C' L' S0 J+ O( lrights.
4 w4 f9 H( P- i
1 t! R6 Z  d+ H2 LDevelopers that use the GNU GPL protect your rights with two steps: (1)6 ?1 m/ g8 ~& }- {1 p" o; k, O
assert copyright on the software, and (2) offer you this License which$ ]" B) r/ C4 \# n; @& z# h
gives you legal permission to copy, distribute and/or modify the software.- T6 h2 [+ f  p0 U+ u

& c5 x* c1 y) D. v* Y, uFor the developers' and author's protection, the GPL clearly explains
8 {" `: r* Y6 h8 U( p. gthat there is no warranty for this free software. If the software is
* I2 b& e0 X" W# O5 |. [modified by someone else and passed on, the GPL ensures that recipients; f5 v+ n1 ]  B' a1 f) T
are told that what they have is not the original, so that any problems9 r- Y5 L5 }8 k' j8 t
introduced by others will not reflect on the original authors'  D& E: B" C5 M3 S- P1 y. L
reputations.
* M! }/ v% J3 S, `  W* {$ l, }8 l0 P# t4 b. Y
Some countries have adopted laws prohibiting software that enables users
8 [7 w2 ?. q* ^: W3 k, @, {to escape from Digital Restrictions Management. DRM is fundamentally6 M3 j# |" [1 |7 l
incompatible with the purpose of the GPL, which is to protect users'
7 q6 _* }  F0 E4 }' X' ?6 Zfreedom; therefore, the GPL ensures that the software it covers will
$ v/ E3 r$ I5 n* vneither be subject to, nor subject other works to, digital restrictions) W/ y1 d) R9 q
from which escape is forbidden.2 W" }* T8 ]5 Y# e

  g" m+ u' o% rFinally, every program is threatened constantly by software patents. We: B# q7 M' d/ h4 K' s
wish to avoid the special danger that redistributors of a free program will% J* n1 Q+ m* _0 c
individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the program/ I, l# P) D3 l3 X
proprietary. To prevent this, the GPL makes it clear that any patent must
( ?! U5 L/ {6 B. wbe licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all.
8 z! y9 l- ]# t$ q4 c/ [5 V+ t- p' e
The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
: f* `; `1 M* W' ~' Fmodification follow.
0 f* i' I3 `, j9 a( f/ R
* i: b. n* q: a7 n. hGNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
6 \0 D) j3 B% V9 y, h2 h9 PTERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION' p, k# G. m7 s3 p  u9 E
7 f' P9 V: s" K. J3 E
0. Definitions.
0 Q' z+ E3 I2 l  M- X+ K5 n/ N4 {4 \. K' u6 N* u
A "licensed program" means any program or other work distributed under
) m, R& f- P1 s4 p" xthis License. The "Program" refers to any such program or work, and a2 s2 B: _6 p' R' i- Q& u9 ]
"work based on the Program" means either the Program or any derivative work
2 ~9 ?- s' _% i) lunder copyright law: that is to say, a work containing the Program or a$ ~3 W/ [) w9 T9 ^& F, c* Z9 q
portion of it, either modified or unmodified. Throughout this License, the9 K+ ?! H$ S4 ~! Z6 F' K* Y3 `
term "modification" includes, without limitation, translation and) d" t( N" I, ]. U# U6 H' v
extension. A "covered work" means either the Program or any work based on
. B* \$ e$ m: a4 \5 othe Program. Each licensee is addressed as "you".* G  z! u% u( B. v- Y- o' v
8 _+ C1 e3 N0 u2 ^$ @/ Z
To "propagate" a work means doing anything with it that requires
4 z/ M: C# m4 A0 O' f, n7 y" R  ]1 Cpermission under applicable copyright law, other than executing it on) D8 T, P/ _/ Y- d0 w4 Q9 B! Z' V
a computer or making private modifications. This includes copying,' ^/ K2 J+ L) t
distribution (with or without modification), sublicensing, and in some
9 `& `! J* S/ D  I  q* Wcountries other activities as well.7 i( q" i( @  f* C( a& b" F7 Z+ s4 |

- k+ p* }  t: w, H# M1. Source Code.
6 ^/ B5 O+ J- a7 S. l0 U
) H9 B/ C9 J& k0 `( @7 NThe "source code" for a work means the preferred form of the work
5 N! w) O; U6 x: W9 b, Y/ @for making modifications to it. "Object code" means any non-source
% H5 W! s) C6 G( T1 dversion of a work.8 o6 m" g  U: Z' w

) r5 B7 |2 ]: Y- h, @* d! lThe "Complete Corresponding Source Code" for a work in object code form
1 k4 w" _: J" Bmeans all the source code needed to understand, adapt, modify, compile,! O& e5 h& M3 c9 ~( a$ s
link, install, and run the work, excluding general-purpose tools used in0 v; z! V9 [: ^3 A
performing those activities but which are not part of the work. For
) \7 G  w. m6 X9 t- ?" W9 [example, this includes any scripts used to control those activities, and* \4 n8 G- c9 X4 N, F: a# B
any shared libraries and dynamically linked subprograms that the work is
0 H5 v) K' h, e& x( F2 ]0 fdesigned to require, such as by intimate data communication or control flow
* }! W$ I, A1 }5 p, b6 }# Lbetween those subprograms and other parts of the work, and interface
5 t9 H; d. j/ m5 g2 Idefinition files associated with the program source files.
: m/ t- K/ h" C) D! h# B$ K
+ V( g& O5 i& fComplete Corresponding Source Code also includes any encryption or
; B1 e8 ?* v" [9 R) aauthorization codes necessary to install and/or execute the source code of
7 A' g: t) [' s! O8 @) _the work, perhaps modified by you, in the recommended or principal context- t; |6 d2 @/ e4 W9 J
of use, such that its functioning in all circumstances is identical to that4 s. R  a  I1 i( _
of the work, except as altered by your modifications. It also includes any- N5 E6 ~! W3 l8 y( c- n
decryption codes necessary to access or unseal the work's output.- M. R+ X! ?3 `8 b
Notwithstanding this, a code need not be included in cases where use of the
9 D5 D! ^0 o8 F; P6 ^+ qwork normally implies the user already has it.
2 \0 b7 r  G) L5 w) b& k* C: d  ?" M: ~3 C( }$ J
Complete Corresponding Source Code need not include anything that users8 m0 U4 |6 Y' z7 W
can regenerate automatically from other parts of the Complete Corresponding
$ X' C5 q) B0 j% U  P  j, PSource Code.; C; p2 k" f7 P

9 \( n1 g; C! ~# j; ]2 {As a special exception, the Complete Corresponding Source Code need
* I+ M% Z. B2 n3 f( c1 Qnot include a particular subunit if (a) the identical subunit is3 ~0 d: g, Y% Y" z# y$ I# Z$ E5 D) ]2 r/ C
normally included as an adjunct in the distribution of either a major
2 m, u: v5 e7 M- i8 ?essential component (kernel, window system, and so on) of the* p* W- l4 [9 P# C
operating system on which the executable runs or a compiler used to  f5 q% W' n- y# |2 c+ B: Q# P
produce the executable or an object code interpreter used to run it,3 q8 q. D; D0 G- z5 o
and (b) the subunit (aside from possible incidental extensions) serves
9 ?. ~% y1 }% h9 Honly to enable use of the work with that system component or compiler7 ~( L" t* W4 E5 l6 X. U
or interpreter, or to implement a widely used or standard interface,
7 q) ?9 v  {/ z5 Q( r) Y2 Nthe implementation of which requires no patent license not already1 ^# R" U* M1 F( X' w& L3 T0 O
generally available for software under this License.) z/ Z# L7 C% ^9 c2 H4 I8 V6 y
6 m/ A& N0 K( w9 N, h, x" K
2. Basic Permissions.+ y9 b: j1 C9 W
& {. y9 H( F: w9 @( j& h
All rights granted under this License are granted for the term of% B1 `; ?. B5 {+ M+ @  p" {
copyright on the Program, and are irrevocable provided the stated1 i  a" \4 n% a
conditions are met. This License explicitly affirms your unlimited
8 y' s  J4 R( `' s0 A$ g& W4 Ppermission to run the Program. The output from running it is covered by
9 C0 n; j; I6 V/ H; q. Fthis License only if the output, given its content, constitutes a work& ^7 N- Y- Z" n9 ?
based on the Program. This License acknowledges your rights of "fair use"
4 s8 ?- j; F; C) P' U9 S1 Cor other equivalent, as provided by copyright law.
+ C1 Y' b! @9 s* J4 T
- ~% }! v$ E$ Q$ \1 \. z1 }* DThis License gives unlimited permission to privately modify and run the
& ]2 s9 l; Z( }& @1 C3 d6 iProgram, provided you do not bring suit for patent infringement against
* R, g6 C2 I( ?% {) A  wanyone for making, using or distributing their own works based on the
+ R6 V/ Y2 ?5 f$ k" MProgram.
$ J" f4 T7 k" x+ ~7 E* q% Y" u4 i  r
Propagation of covered works is permitted without limitation provided it& }* `  I6 w4 j1 g0 _" _
does not enable parties other than you to make or receive copies.6 ]. p) Q$ H+ X: A: _
Propagation which does enable them to do so is permitted, as
; Z7 n0 h1 Y$ I9 G0 U& L3 F5 h"distribution", under the conditions of sections 4-6 below.
6 e/ P6 M$ O, c+ H. S/ J/ F/ [9 S7 ]7 i. O
3. Digital Restrictions Management.* E5 U0 i& h' m3 u: d, A

1 _4 b; a7 z$ X. u) e# s' wAs a free software license, this License intrinsically disfavors
  c$ `2 E% i1 ?' T) dtechnical attempts to restrict users' freedom to copy, modify, and share; j# r* y9 K! r; U
copyrighted works. Each of its provisions shall be interpreted in light of
! E3 }* s* V4 hthis specific declaration of the licensor's intent. Regardless of any* P6 B; O3 d3 E1 `
other provision of this License, no permission is given to distribute7 T& b- [0 Y# c: a' ^
covered works that illegally invade users' privacy, nor for modes of
# Y, t! o& |# K# h, \) t) \distribution that deny users that run covered works the full exercise of' d' p( j4 o. B; u
the legal rights granted by this License.! b7 e/ f$ D# k' ^
0 |* B9 p) A% Y% l* S
No covered work constitutes part of an effective technological protection% {" i7 t' n: }- }# H/ Z+ P+ B$ V
measure: that is to say, distribution of a covered work as part of a system
2 }( k9 `1 l# w$ U2 m7 y4 C4 I/ l( pto generate or access certain data constitutes general permission at least9 h% t! L/ y9 z; }! q  H
for development, distribution and use, under this License, of other
4 K, Q, O, Y- l( }/ ^software capable of accessing the same data.! J6 ?/ p7 r% v' s+ Z) [3 m
" t8 U2 x- F4 w; |* Q3 m2 t
4.[1] Verbatim Copying.
9 Q, ?1 w1 ~$ i6 C
) ?8 B  O3 f* n) y- bYou may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's source4 a/ a; Q0 N0 j* G2 z! S* t! \4 ^
code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you conspicuously- o$ i+ v8 K! W4 W# n0 E
and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate copyright
& E  G0 u7 V9 s) _notice; keep intact all license notices and notices of the absence of
; `+ ^; }4 P. y8 Q! z$ q3 U- R+ Nany warranty; give all recipients of the Program a copy of this4 o: i% V1 s9 z4 O' d4 u% W! u7 a
License along with the Program; and obey any additional terms present: _0 c& |& v* h8 Z- w
on parts of the Program in accord with section 7.
, V; M3 A* O) C) X5 q8 f) `( w
% g+ B0 j4 ~$ s( U9 g: ^8 x! yYou may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and
0 J( i( b( s* a( I0 {* X- S% iyou may at your option offer warranty protection for a fee.4 ]3 ?3 O9 |. I( k. A. l
6 i7 j9 x2 R( ^9 Y5 p
5.[2] Distributing Modified Source Versions.
$ C$ `0 O3 b8 R. p$ i3 m
# ]% ]4 r6 [: B5 \* l: zHaving modified a copy of the Program under the conditions of section8 s- F8 l3 n3 g
2, thus forming a work based on the Program, you may copy and distribute
2 m& G- Y( G9 p. ^) {% Y' Ksuch modifications or work in the form of source code under the terms of+ F% U0 g# ~9 K4 }
Section 4 above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
$ p( o1 `6 ~# T; J8 [
5 u! G  k* ]4 a9 {a) The modified work must carry prominent notices stating that you
! a( n' p1 i& W% x( Wchanged the work and the date of any change.; S1 j' K- P) X/ i4 |9 `% e* ]
: N5 T0 s( k4 l1 N
b) You must license the entire modified work, as a whole, under
" ^* P; Y* [1 V; L. [this License to anyone who comes into possession of a copy. This* m$ l* W+ R4 G0 U7 z* u
License must apply, unmodified except as permitted by section 7. k: b  b  E; h
below, to the whole of the work. This License gives no permission
! j, ^, E' p% w+ t9 ito license the work in any other way, but it does not invalidate
. S7 [. h/ l9 O* z! ^such permission if you have separately received it.! {( ?/ f  b. q) m
( H5 B5 T: U1 s$ y& C
c) If the modified work has interactive user interfaces, each must: C7 f) @6 j! {) v
include a convenient feature that displays an appropriate
1 a: y3 ?& `$ Ycopyright notice, and tells the user that there is no warranty for
4 @) @- J2 U' W5 `' p* f1 v" mthe program (or that you provide a warranty), that users may
# _' l* A( o; L8 r- T3 mredistribute the modified work under these conditions, and how to
- A3 ^; G" g2 l% Z, N4 Jview a copy of this License together with the central list (if any) of4 P: G8 P  N, B  k1 d& y6 c1 B
other terms in accord with section 7. If the interface presents a8 O9 ]( `4 e% v$ h7 J
list of user commands or options, such as a menu, a command to/ |( j; Z2 f- I* x+ t. k& A& e( C2 ~
display this information must be prominent in the list.2 x, ]8 Q& p3 \1 v" L
Otherwise, the modified work must display this information at6 Q* p0 r. |) A& L9 F$ ]% G$ T* m& {
startup--except in the case that the Program has such7 D/ }0 [, Z- A
interactive modes and does not display this information at6 d, p" t& k' o& I1 F
startup.+ g4 R0 w! Q( q8 j  U& K1 p
3 Q* b& s/ p$ r$ K
These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If  V; o2 V0 j& k& d0 u7 S
identifiable sections of that work, added by you, are not derived from
6 _3 i9 N- p1 `, Z/ R- n% ]- pthe Program, and can be reasonably considered independent and separate
% ?$ Q* c, i3 C7 V) M3 i2 H- Fworks in themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to7 z; r; V( o$ f* Z; }) D
those sections when you distribute them as separate works for use not/ t" \. ^8 |0 S3 w) N
in combination with the Program. But when you distribute the same- T* n3 b4 N8 h
sections for use in combination with covered works, no matter in what
# N4 C. x# g/ z3 fform such combination occurs, the whole of the combination must be
, M- t  ~( J( G+ Ulicensed under this License, whose permissions for other licensees; |1 P+ m+ _# q1 x' N
extend to the entire whole, and thus to every part of the whole. Your8 ^- v' S) `3 l; X% n6 i5 k
sections may carry other terms as part of this combination in limited
# M& K: o  ]# e6 {( D* T  e' Lways, described in section 7., V$ E4 Z1 X# _( J1 l, z) n/ t
* M0 X0 g, _5 I6 N3 O* w* t0 ^3 B
Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest4 Y& Y% m6 |- j% ~" `
your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to8 D- B- ^: t6 E- l
exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or  s/ X- v# n2 A
collective works based on the Program.
& K( @. k0 g; k% Z2 x! Y6 M7 \  C. Z3 G
A compilation of a covered work with other separate and independent* h% |' y7 w3 M, O9 H
works, which are not by their nature extensions of the covered work,* k( C' P) R; v
in or on a volume of a storage or distribution medium, is called an
9 }/ o+ x4 g, W' S; C"aggregate" if the copyright resulting from the compilation is not. h0 C4 N7 t2 y( |. X
used to limit the legal rights of the compilation's users beyond what
8 p) Z& N3 |# K- D; ~$ A8 Pthe individual works permit. Mere inclusion of a covered work in an# X9 M+ E9 d/ _2 Y0 W
aggregate does not cause this License to apply to the other parts of
/ ^9 o; ]& m/ V" nthe aggregate.
* [& w1 I( W! q  B7 S1 R6 q( n. S3 S/ ^% w$ u# ]$ ^
6.[3] Non-Source Distribution.
; w+ N: j  e  ~( ]' Z. w- [- M
9 D6 T: W5 M4 A8 gYou may copy and distribute a covered work in Object Code form under the
9 q1 j8 A' M# ^2 d$ }# Z  [terms of Sections 4 and 5, provided that you also distribute the9 [. t$ a4 W( j5 w% r% c
machine-readable Complete Corresponding Source Code (herein the% v: s# }- k9 K
"Corresponding Source") under the terms of this License, in one of these
- w8 a" E8 X: d$ c. ?7 ]3 Fways:) O$ }1 I& E7 s/ i. S3 G6 Z
( ^& v! l# e  c! x/ T$ b' G+ H
a) Distribute the Object Code in a physical product (including a
$ l# P, ]. k* u- t  Vphysical distribution medium), accompanied by the Corresponding Source
5 M. Y" ]2 ?3 [; Fdistributed on a durable physical medium customarily used for software
0 X0 U2 P, e) I( D5 H9 f8 Z1 Y% j9 vinterchange; or,/ x7 j8 D; k2 f. c% d
4 p! ~( W. ?: Y: q& t
b) Distribute the Object Code in a physical product (including a" B! z* \- r# b3 m
physical distribution medium), accompanied by a written offer, valid$ F( }/ v+ G, _# M1 O1 B7 {' b# s# R1 F
for at least three years and valid for as long as you offer spare parts
: Z6 }1 t+ U9 t4 |. dor customer support for that product model, to give any third party,! e1 C) u) ^+ J( d
for a price no more than ten times your cost of physically performing
9 E6 ~" Z+ {8 L7 x: ~source distribution, a copy of the Corresponding Source for all the
/ ^( a3 r4 g% X# T) Dsoftware in the product that is covered by this License, on a durable
. m$ W) R- l  {* b; I6 z" Dphysical medium customarily used for software interchange; or,) Z  @' r5 ^' T
! Z" B3 Q# i, R& }5 p
c) Privately distribute the Object Code with a copy of the written
5 L/ y+ r+ P3 F+ ]5 uoffer to provide the Corresponding Source. This alternative is
" ~$ G* [5 y% a- Uallowed only for occasional noncommercial distribution, and only
( n# v0 K- F) N) n: X% Dif you received the Object Code with such an offer, in accord with* }# L9 ~$ B1 I1 o9 D* r
Subsection b above. Or,& _# k6 t7 s# ~. f

/ a* l2 |" k) @5 ^/ Jd) Distribute the Object Code by offering access to copy it. b, i- G- }# r6 _$ ?7 m
from a designated place, and offer equivalent access to copy  S# W1 G5 ^& b0 _4 b% _! [
the Corresponding Source in the same way through the same place.
9 m4 u; s# u3 ~You need not require recipients to copy the Corresponding Source
/ K- S0 P- E& P" _5 |- xalong with the Object Code.
  ]. n$ F+ M9 [* a8 L8 m* X, j. O
6 }* u5 C, V( ]8 v* |. K3 @- O! j[If the place to copy the Object Code is a network server, the6 {6 z; H: Q/ k; B) U% F
Corresponding Source may be on a different server that supports
9 ?  t- T7 t9 d' J  Fequivalent copying facilities, provided you have explicitly
% Z- ]6 a# e6 R: N. u# ?' u* Q; Barranged with the operator of that server to keep the5 u& D- V" J# y1 ^0 Y
Corresponding Source available for as long as needed to satisfy
- V: u9 K& z4 `* e; o6 W& Jthese requirements, and provided you maintain clear directions
* \$ ^& T5 p5 Unext to the Object Code saying where to find the Corresponding
, K& H* j% G: \, h% ]Source.]; ~3 q" L2 G0 v& g9 |

8 k. S8 v! a: M, Q( f) g7 W) eDistribution of the Corresponding Source in accord with this section
$ |- r  b9 e- g: d, ~must be in a format that is publicly documented, unencumbered by
4 j/ W- A  h3 `* f: L* \9 M; u) `patents, and must require no special password or key for unpacking,5 M% e; X% Y  e6 e6 n
reading or copying.
( _! V: I, x3 D7 w( z
( l$ E+ Y& y% C' K( lThe Corresponding Source may include portions which do not formally, O' W3 L+ ~5 p+ e
state this License as their license, but qualify under section 7* g4 h3 M. R7 f; W( u$ c  `9 E
for inclusion in a work under this License.
% o( c  w* p  \  p% ?+ ]4 j, ?, h/ g' E4 _# a9 q
7. License Compatibility." a& J$ G  m) S: H0 q
2 q, e2 F- ]$ K4 G5 B
When you release a work based on the Program, you may include your own# F4 E) \" ^, }7 N. ]% M
terms covering added parts for which you have, or can give,
* c6 p3 ^. u9 f1 i9 I  O7 j4 Aappropriate copyright permission, as long as those terms clearly permit
* s( y! j* C; o  q4 mall the activities that this License permits, or permit usage or1 e  {+ K. t" Z& h# d, u& m
relicensing under this License. Your terms may be written separately or8 \9 G, f8 l( b+ \8 [
may be this License plus additional written permission. If you so license
9 G' o: q  u2 |2 J! gyour own added parts, those parts may be used separately under your
5 I* N, O; o: R7 _; Oterms, but the entire work remains under this License. Those who copy
. U+ s/ q0 \5 x1 b8 z, @9 u) Hthe work, or works based on it, must preserve your terms just as they( h1 `  t4 |" W" n
must preserve this License, as long as any substantial portion of the parts
3 A8 q& Q* u0 [7 @* F' gthey apply to are present.% K! A( s/ b2 R

2 ?! L" x& U$ {: d% S' fAside from additional permissions, your terms may add limited kinds of
3 o8 k1 O7 Y% I  S4 B$ Hadditional requirements on your added parts, as follows:
  P6 @6 e- D) F0 s; K2 p* I2 g. G; k: Y/ z, U! x$ m+ w0 s7 u' O9 D
a) They may require the preservation of certain copyright notices,; E9 a8 V' y& H. H, L
other legal notices, and/or author attributions, and may require7 W3 ~' C; B$ l! }6 }
that the origin of the parts they cover not be misrepresented,
7 [: F0 `( z# land/or that altered versions of them be marked in the source code,
5 y7 Q& H# J/ }3 ^$ K2 w9 `or marked there in specific reasonable ways, as different from the
9 _+ k) i" j, F4 Coriginal version.
4 u; o- G3 {) D. e' l/ A! y) L, u5 d# K
b) They may state a disclaimer of warranty and liability in terms
9 F5 P0 n$ T( V5 I5 adifferent from those used in this License., J) o) r8 p& I( g
3 Y( w# m4 d- P2 a, Y
c) They may prohibit or limit the use for publicity purposes of specified/ Y4 j* g, e% d; v1 H1 M- i
names of contributors, and they may require that certain specified
4 E! h/ k4 n( b  I; F- L! rtrademarks be used for publicity purposes only in the ways that are
, L" L, K2 @" g' e) @& Yfair use under trademark law except with express permission.
6 E1 G1 R6 |2 z- S$ b
: B( \" D' f" ud) They may require that the work contain functioning facilities that1 Z; ~8 G  N0 ]2 r
allow users to immediately obtain copies of its Complete Corresponding* C. V2 \  r8 q: ~- }7 m
Source Code.7 N  w. H$ Y5 ]  P) Y2 E9 n3 G

" S, E9 t7 _  X5 ye) They may impose software patent retaliation, which means permission
) f$ G, l/ N4 [for use of your added parts terminates or may be terminated, wholly or' U* Z0 f) S4 F$ S
partially, under stated conditions, for users closely related to any2 R, {! F% g1 C' ]
party that has filed a software patent lawsuit (i.e., a lawsuit2 h& _% |" H. n' n+ ]5 s: d
alleging that some software infringes a patent). The conditions must
3 ]: {6 g; h" klimit retaliation to a subset of these two cases: 1. Lawsuits that lack; w& S, f6 l  O( I- G& u$ N0 s: q
the justification of retaliating against other software patent lawsuits: O8 ~4 i" t- @
that lack such justification. 2. Lawsuits that target part of this5 G' W( a" \  X6 v9 ^1 {
work, or other code that was elsewhere released together with the parts7 r7 F# \5 g, K' F3 D
you added, the whole being under the terms used here for those parts.5 F8 D$ L  p+ }6 q; f, L

' ?( e5 o9 ]" v$ A9 n) sNo other additional conditions are permitted in your terms; therefore, no
+ ~6 M! q+ n3 u% b" X" _2 `5 y1 B; Uother conditions can be present on any work that uses this License. This
4 e+ N  L# t- ^3 i) |License does not attempt to enforce your terms, or assert that they are6 B, f9 F" }0 @" U( V+ H: ^' f
valid or enforceable by you; it simply does not prohibit you from employing; `7 F! e% E1 u& C
them.  l; O3 {/ |- A/ L, U
6 c# A* j! Z8 Y) o# R
When others modify the work, if they modify your parts of it, they may
) M& u/ z7 ]3 a0 H. irelease such parts of their versions under this License without additional; w" ^. l5 E1 u9 z* T
permissions, by including notice to that effect, or by deleting the notice
' I" ]7 C$ I+ ~+ w9 D( Dthat gives specific permissions in addition to this License. Then any3 j& w1 K+ @) `& z4 {' ^
broader permissions granted by your terms which are not granted by this1 v# x) |  a% o0 R) m; p
License will not apply to their modifications, or to the modified versions! W2 W3 w  x" D# I5 J1 ?7 |
of your parts resulting from their modifications. However, the specific
4 k# k3 r* a. d# k: N, r4 Yrequirements of your terms will still apply to whatever was derived from
" R: s2 A4 x4 j5 F/ d& e% ?your added parts." z) B8 \' z. z" ]5 `
: K* |! Z! ]& c: `: u
Unless the work also permits distribution under a previous version of+ v$ I& }. x: s; f+ d; t/ B
this License, all the other terms included in the work under this section
0 R+ w/ v+ i3 U# f* B; Q9 amust be listed, together, in a central list in the work.
# a) }% n* X) j# V7 E! S' c1 V' C4 q( ]  ~9 P# K2 \. ]. p
8.[4] Termination.9 g4 E: |' J: A. S. j3 d

2 q% h! f) k( ?5 F% f0 FYou may not propagate, modify or sublicense the Program except as. x1 ]$ [4 ^  Z" _+ M2 _
expressly provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise to( W' w7 j4 S$ c/ c7 H
propagate, modify or sublicense the Program is void, and any copyright
# X5 ^2 b  b1 U; i  jholder may terminate your rights under this License at any time after8 w( B1 z* N: U- H. R
having notified you of the violation by any reasonable means within 60& n) n/ S4 `# A. E! u! S$ q2 Y
days of any occurrence. However, parties who have received copies, or  A1 v4 l1 l$ B2 R6 F4 m9 Z
rights, from you under this License will not have their licenses5 }) e( b  f4 Z* i1 |2 ^+ Z
terminated so long as they remain in full compliance.
: m3 j: Q) j" w$ |: f) A
' l! R9 h* W6 }9 b6 ^- V9.[5] Not a Contract., r$ {/ P4 u% b% D- n1 m
+ H& r/ T; }. W& i
You are not required to accept this License in order to receive a copy of$ a& k' d; e1 k% W! C; ~
the Program. However, nothing else grants you permission to propagate or" C) U1 q! Q' ^% n
modify the Program or any covered works. These actions infringe copyright! k$ n3 X3 c& N- }7 A
if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by modifying or propagating5 U8 l8 _! B9 F8 \* y
the Program (or any covered work), you indicate your acceptance of this  \" b9 n( }/ C
License to do so, and all its terms and conditions.
$ w6 \# E- r5 x; n* e
& P+ Y# m2 X9 _! v0 D+ g10.[6] Automatic Licensing of Downstream Users.
% e& D% ~) l$ o% K2 F) o  f4 Q
6 a5 b2 R3 o9 K$ f3 h: dEach time you redistribute a covered work, the recipient automatically6 w5 O% _! g; {; z; q" [
receives a license from the original licensors, to propagate and modify
7 z1 X5 f& `7 k2 b% B& sthat work, subject to this License, including any additional terms
" F. A7 o) z" L# Dintroduced through section 7. You may not impose any further restrictions
3 j" j7 Y8 X. L6 T. ]( x5 o2 S4 k& Gon the recipients' exercise of the rights thus granted or affirmed, except/ O& n9 }  Q4 M0 K3 Q* T
(when modifying the work) in the limited ways permitted by section 7. You2 W3 Q/ u0 A5 L) z6 Z! }; I
are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to this
8 S; i, P  M0 A4 ]: g# Q3 j* l5 XLicense.2 M0 F1 i! b+ R7 b; o" k" q4 U
. h' P1 k2 r' b! T, H( @7 J7 N* b
11. Licensing of Patents.* e/ i6 o7 T5 s0 S9 X

) b( v/ y4 l4 A4 pWhen you distribute a covered work, you grant a patent license to( X8 W& \. l. P: C/ N" D
the recipient, and to anyone that receives any version of the work,
1 q- v2 @4 C) {) spermitting, for any and all versions of the covered work, all
; |) Y) c7 |- i/ H3 Sactivities allowed or contemplated by this License, such as
- m* X1 \5 u% @& q/ B& Pinstalling, running and distributing versions of the work, and using* ?- u7 a7 D9 S* {% v) K. ~
their output. This patent license is nonexclusive, royalty-free and$ t7 o1 A2 ?) Z; T
worldwide, and covers all patent claims you control or have the right+ z2 ~* \- d/ W. }! I+ O# w
to sublicense, at the time you distribute the covered work or in the
! V+ D! R1 o1 v; b  I3 {future, that would be infringed or violated by the covered work or any
- r7 k4 M( g8 ^# O+ {reasonably contemplated use of the covered work.
4 O  b9 R% R0 I: w1 D% X
& ^8 {$ n& d6 C$ pIf you distribute a covered work knowingly relying on a patent license,% }  c- K+ s# V& R3 V8 x; w1 e. [
you must act to shield downstream users against the possible patent
2 a$ e  }  O  ginfringement claims from which your license protects you.. R2 z. R/ k8 ^  s  k, ?! P
5 Y" u9 c1 ~* e+ ]2 _3 v
12.[7] Liberty or Death for the Program.
, k' T$ Q! E' d, G/ R! T6 E8 ]/ |( p
! i3 U3 f, j) Q, b; X3 OIf conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or& K' t( V6 Z! L. R4 V' D. J, W8 F
otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not0 B7 x2 W- v+ E/ F: [4 \
excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot distribute
" [$ J: M- r  E- g/ fthe Program, or other covered work, so as to satisfy simultaneously your
! H9 H5 g) Y' H1 D1 s' |6 r% ~obligations under this License and any other pertinent obligations, then as; Q# I- ]. K5 |" F. F
a consequence you may not distribute it at all. For example, if a patent1 C  s* q9 F6 y* Z6 U. G; E4 F1 w; v3 T
license would not permit royalty-free redistribution by all those who7 }. Q' R! X2 y8 W) u6 E* {
receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then the only way you
* s  R( P$ e* d2 Wcould satisfy both it and this License would be to refrain entirely from
& x& N  H2 X; q8 E; @distribution.- s8 c" ]/ _0 N6 u5 a' t* Q

3 v& A2 E( c4 p0 j) U7 @  [; ]It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any
; y% o1 y, A* E  z, S+ Fpatents or other exclusive rights or to contest their legal validity.
" G6 F3 Z3 S4 B0 ^The sole purpose of this section is to protect the integrity of the. e) _" s- u7 ^* }
free software distribution system. Many people have made generous
5 a& j/ O! t- i: y! J6 x( H7 tcontributions to the wide range of software distributed through that
8 L' {% K1 x, J- f2 B6 Zsystem in reliance on consistent application of that system; it is up
. c6 a5 _3 z5 _4 W; d" e) [4 j& jto the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing to distribute! ~' i( l+ V8 ~# ?+ A8 \* d
software through any other system and a licensee cannot impose that
9 c6 h2 I' ?( X8 schoice.6 e' @" L5 j& B0 K1 U2 p5 w* T

0 V5 ~  i; A3 F  K+ g[13.[8] Geographical Limitations.! Q8 Q- i4 s+ J, K
! b" p; x4 q+ g: C  z/ f) C9 p
If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in certain
" C7 k* n( N* p4 Q0 kcountries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the original- Q* l, I( B2 H% D5 h  U! _
copyright holder who places the Program under this License may add an
" {8 a. E, P) ?5 B; D" Rexplicit geographical distribution limitation excluding those countries,
, ~3 M' B$ b4 ?so that distribution is permitted only in or among countries not thus2 M- q" c7 w7 Z9 T- l9 T- w9 M& f
excluded. In such case, this License incorporates the limitation as if' f: o0 ]; @9 d9 ?4 @& c3 w
written in the body of this License.]* [  H! N% L& T0 K1 @
$ l3 f7 X8 u9 A# T. {5 F
14.[9] Revised Versions of this License.
1 I3 ~+ ~0 c/ {# e8 z( H$ @7 n6 P3 i0 V
The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of7 d& w- t& F7 ]4 e* \
the GNU General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will- C# A3 j9 O! a+ f# ]3 B
be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
2 \. r0 g3 v7 y" U2 N* _* E9 waddress new problems or concerns.5 v% Z0 j$ e" {1 P0 e5 h
  n% u8 D; H% L/ ~5 x) i
Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program
# Q: e. s8 Q) s8 E( aspecifies that a certain numbered version of this License "or any8 ~7 F$ |+ c# T! J# a" j
later version" applies to it, you have the option of following the
) P1 ~% I( P- u  R8 n0 ?8 xterms and conditions either of that numbered version or of any later
2 U( v) e7 {$ tversion published by the Free Software Foundation. If the Program/ K  d1 w( V( `  K; h+ M
does not specify a version number of this License, you may choose any
) a! o( ~  Z- X$ T3 R( pversion ever published by the Free Software Foundation.
/ @' m6 \. [: ]. K0 b4 q" i$ w, ~; ~9 K. d, K
15.[10] Requesting Exceptions.
$ J) e  g5 H) s7 n) K; L
) y5 v4 F" |" q: FIf you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free
0 a! g/ l$ A" Uprograms whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author. A! Z" r, a6 j! x- c) L. J. o
to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free
0 x0 b; D2 ]# NSoftware Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes1 {( \( }! _* Z7 e3 k
make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals  _- q7 ]" u$ c' R
of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and
! @# r. R1 T/ G% n- U6 ?8 ~of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.
: C+ i1 n1 f3 Y4 V5 x
/ G+ `4 u- }0 x  X: u3 h" kNO WARRANTY
1 Q2 w! h2 ^: [, w, N
+ g, C8 T0 z' }2 Q6 W16.[11] There is no warranty for the Program, to the extent permitted by
7 ^& n5 ?2 S" T/ k& g5 \" `, _8 xapplicable law. Except when otherwise stated in writing the copyright7 ~2 j: s& P' x+ n6 P+ A
holders and/or other parties provide the Program "as is" without warranty0 u, e6 C0 c# l) N6 ~; a) r
of any kind, either expressed or implied, including, but not limited to,
0 B% l) V4 g* g% I2 _. L$ _the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular
, O& _5 J& n- K& n1 d. w8 apurpose. The entire risk as to the quality and performance of the Program6 s" o. b3 j! n; d' Y9 @# E
is with you. Should the Program prove defective, you assume the cost of1 Q" e/ Q$ Y# c
all necessary servicing, repair or correction.
. q6 D; e% O7 c" v' p$ ?- f; ^# ~, d& v( H- E( N* W- c7 B
17.[12] In no event unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing
% _* j+ k3 V  S/ ?0 W6 `will any copyright holder, or any other party who may modify and/or
8 W" e+ d1 q( Uredistribute the Program as permitted above, be liable to you for damages,
% b: O- s7 l+ P8 _! E7 jincluding any general, special, incidental or consequential damages arising
& O3 R9 O. I! x' wout of the use or inability to use the Program (including but not limited
  S) P, W6 ~9 ?5 X$ s& {8 o! u: Tto loss of data or data being rendered inaccurate or losses sustained by' m. g- G- u6 i+ j& i) O
you or third parties or a failure of the Program to operate with any other
" [5 E) g1 x1 S2 ]/ [$ cprograms), even if such holder or other party has been advised of the
* i, M/ U6 p. G6 B: r2 h' \possibility of such damages.0 @; |. p! m2 P6 O$ z2 u  ~

  j( q$ |! |7 k) \- y" N% J18. Unless specifically stated, the Program has not been tested for use
( P8 R5 A% P) _2 Z+ m1 V. l+ ^" Oin safety critical systems.
1 O# t+ t5 `8 B& ]# r  S& E
! w. c7 P: j) d0 S) u7 jEND OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
9 U' L* }& j; \" L# N& l& b
2 _8 j! E! j2 a- \% ^5 ^How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
$ b, \* P, E- R( L1 z* W- O1 f5 a' y# N) x
If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
. ?+ \$ Q! r3 B- upossible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it* }$ u4 ~7 @% S! D" a+ U: ~$ Q% t; X
free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.* c8 M+ C* \; k$ g# i4 j. _5 Z

7 }* p2 Y1 r/ t* J2 d" HTo do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
  x9 J, a9 R8 ato attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively5 S3 {- h. X% `+ `6 a' W
convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
4 p$ {, t0 l4 O9 B# j3 X8 vthe "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
' B' s) i% s' w. J" Z7 L( X* D0 B: \5 P1 T8 d- }4 }
<one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>, _! f5 I! V  \4 S) I' M( y/ `
Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>% x2 d9 _1 A+ [; k4 H6 [
/ Z) [6 R5 f4 p. @6 {
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
. |, h) q( E* O9 Xit under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by. F7 e3 w3 \4 r! U) P+ ~0 B) V- k
the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or! b8 C6 G( R7 S8 G9 f4 p& @
(at your option) any later version.
8 l4 j: r  L5 }* ?' x7 X/ P1 [0 \) \5 j
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
$ b" R6 A9 G, kbut WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of; i/ b4 O1 Z: m7 u: @
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the( l* u  `& m4 {
GNU General Public License for more details.
% W3 N, C, F+ w$ f# l' Y# I( f/ T
" V( Y0 G$ i! P& O& OYou should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License6 ^& F1 g- m( _. A+ j( _9 j5 ^! k: S
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,/ @( n3 s9 e% A9 D; c' \1 L3 @
Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
: I2 U% T$ O$ j
* z/ a/ ?3 w" z6 k) X/ X, L0 O$ h. g, R5 t0 o3 v
Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.) F% ?" P$ ]& G6 ~% B
" D" _( u, p: t% `) w* N
If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short9 m( T; `! k, b- U0 T( H
notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:
- Z& I6 o& y; p0 e2 z
+ R9 G# q/ j2 f0 i' EGnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year name of author
$ W4 d2 |/ W) B! e! X: g1 dGnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.8 M  K7 g* p9 P. _. [9 ~" C
This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
2 a9 X, H5 g! [' O8 I4 Qunder certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
3 y* z1 m) [/ D# H. j2 Y# o" J$ N7 f9 r" G
The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate: ^1 O0 S2 f8 l: s& w7 B4 G- _
parts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may, a- L3 Y0 B: \- l
be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; for a GUI interface,
+ f* ]9 ?' T9 F& P2 uyou would use an "About box" instead.
+ d' @3 D, A+ ~1 s* d# k
+ B! b  X" D2 R8 Q, M5 S  lYou should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your
$ `: s$ R, K3 g. {9 `" Xschool, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if
2 U2 d$ \; T( a/ ]4 A4 \1 _/ I) Qnecessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:
, F+ l% E+ _" y3 o. T2 i
- `$ ]* ?( f' a) i6 b( zYoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program( V% H" C& w. O
`Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker.; i: s$ e7 }3 ]5 c; \" e: c0 ]
( B# ^$ [" l; X, j/ K+ \
<signature of Rich R. Thanus>, 1 April 1989+ N# s- @7 t9 n, Q$ l
Rich R. Thanus, Peripheral Visionary+ w5 X; Z, F1 R: ?) X: K
! {9 Z7 L/ R( a% R4 E6 i
For more information on how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see( s6 p% T2 b2 y; ^# R* {5 P
http://www.gnu.org/licenses.% L( N0 w1 J. I! Y
1 l3 z% Q1 l. d9 ]6 U
The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program$ L. L0 V1 @( N4 P; j
into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you3 p) e. J9 W2 e, S8 G- z
may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with
" v9 S8 }  }% z/ J6 _the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General; W( {  n& z9 E7 \9 i
Public License instead of this License.

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